细菌“定植”还是“定殖”？

摘要: 细菌定植/殖(Bacterial Colonization)，是指来自不同环境的细菌接触到机体，并在特定部位黏附、生长和繁殖的现象。无论是共生菌对肠道的保护作用，还是致病菌引起的感染，往往都要依赖细菌定植/殖。目前，教材与期刊等对于“细菌定植”和“细菌定殖”这2个科技名词的使用不一，并存在两者混用的现象，尚未有明确的定论指出哪种使用正确。为了避免以上问题，并对“Bacterial Colonization”的正确翻译提供参考，本文对细菌定植/殖的条件和过程、意义、使用现状进行了分析与讨论，最终认为“细菌定殖”更适用于“Bacterial Colonization”的翻译。

Abstract: Bacterial colonization refers to the phenomenon that bacteria from different environments touch the body, then adhering, growing and multiplying on certain parts. Both the protective effect of commensal bacteria on the intestinal tract and the infection caused by pathogenic bacteria often depend on bacterial colonization. At present, the translation of "acterial colonization" is inconsistent in a lot of textbooks and journals, and there is a mixed use. No clear conclusion has been reached as to which is the correct use. In order to avoid the above problems and provide a reference for the correct translation of "acterial colonization" this paper analyzed and discussed the conditions, process, significance and current usage of "acterial colonization" and finally determined the suitable translation for the "acterial colonization".