Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins Aims and scope Submit

发布日期：2025-06-11 19:52 来源：网络作者：Bin Wu 浏览次数：

Butt, U.D., Khan, S., Liu, X. et al. Present Status, Limitations, and Prospects of Using Streptomyces Bacteria as a Potential Probiotic Agent in Aquaculture. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 16, 426–442 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-023-10053-x

Streptomyces is a Gram-positive bacterium, belonging to the family Streptomycetaceae and order Streptomycetales. Several strains from different species of Streptomyces can be used to promote the health and growth of artificially cultured fish and shellfish by producing secondary metabolites including antibiotics, anticancer agents, antiparasitic agents, antifungal agents, and enzymes (protease and amylase). Some Streptomyces strains also exhibit antagonistic and antimicrobial activity against aquaculture-based pathogens by producing inhibitory compounds such as bacteriocins, siderophores, hydrogen peroxide, and organic acids to compete for nutrients and attachment sites in the host. The administration of Streptomyces in aquaculture could also induce an immune response, disease resistance, quorum sensing/antibiofilm activity, antiviral activity, competitive exclusion, modification in gastrointestinal microflora, growth enhancement, and water quality amelioration via nitrogen fixation and degradation of organic residues from the culture system. This review provides the current status and prospects of Streptomyces as potential probiotics in aquaculture, their selection criteria, administrative methods, and mechanisms of action. The limitations of Streptomyces as probiotics in aquaculture are highlighted and the solutions to these limitations are also discussed.

Streptomyces的分类和形态学背景- 分类地位：链霉菌（Streptomyces）属于细菌界（Bacteria）、放线菌门（Actinomycetota）、放线菌纲（Actinomycetes）、链霉菌目（Streptomycetales）和链霉菌科（Streptomycetaceae）。该属最初于1943年被提出，最初基于其形态、化学类型、全细胞糖模式、磷脂和脂肪酸谱以及细胞壁组成进行分类，后来则基于其表型和基因型特征进行分类。至今，已有1147种和73个亚种的链霉菌被有效描述。

形态特征：链霉菌是一种革兰氏阳性、多细胞、丝状、好氧细菌，主要生活在土壤中作为腐生菌。

有趣的是，有些链霉菌存在于海洋或根际共生体中，能在温泉或伽马辐射表面上生长。一些链霉菌菌株是与人类、动物或植物相关的病原体，例如引起土豆疮痂病的链霉菌（Streptomyces scabies）。链霉菌的细胞壁包含一个简单的肽聚糖网，围绕着细胞质膜。

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